A speleothem record from Portugal reveals phases of increased winter precipitation in western Iberia during the Holocene

The European climate during the Holocene period is characterised by frequent changes of temperature and precipitation. North Atlantic plays a major role as driver for dominant precipitation source, particularly western north African realm. Atmospheric pressure gradients over (North Oscillation, NAO), circulation patterns (Atlantic Multidecadal AMO) or positioning jet stream have been suggested to be responsible across Europe. However, proxy data provide an inconsistent picture on how responds in realm such (IRD), atmospheric (NAO), water (AMO) stream. Here we present record speleothem-based winter amount from Portugal. covers most demonstrates that wetter conditions were synchronous southern Iberia early mid Holocene. also shows correlation between increased cooling, evidenced Bond events, 10 4 ka.